Taichung City, Taiwán | Taichung Metropolitan Opera House | Toyo Ito

[JVS]

Taichung Metropolitan Opera House - Taichung City, Taiwán

Toyo Ito

13/noviembre/06

“La arquitectura debe responder a la diversidad social, y hay que comprender que un simple cuadrado o cubo no puede contener esa diversidad” (Toyo Ito). La fuida continuidad de la estructura refleja la idea de que el arte escénico es un conjunto de artes espaciales que combina cuerpo humano, plástica, música y actuación. A la vez que provee óptimas condiciones para el teatro tradicional oriental y occidental, el diseño de Ito va más allá de los límites del edificio teatro tradicional. El diseño es una estructura abierta que articula activamente los espacios circundantes a las salas en todas las direcciones creando oportunidades para el encuentro entre el arte popular y el de élite, entre artistas y público, entre la escena y la platea, entre el interior y el exterior. Ito denomina este espacio The Sound Cave. La Cueva del Sonido es una red espacial continua, vertical y horizontalmente. Aun antes de entrar en cualquiera de las tres salas, La Cueva del Sonido es percibida como un “espacio acústico”, fascinante, que conecta todo con todo en todas las direcciones.

IN http://arkinetia.com/Noticias/art307.aspx

http://arkinetia.com/_recursos/Articulos/Images/NOT20060316_01.jpg

[JVS]

Este projecto foi o projecto vencedor de um concurso internacional.

Aqui esta o link da Pagina sobre o Concurso. - http://forgemind.net/xoops/modules/news/article.php?storyid=650

[JVS]

Os projectos de Toyo Ito tem sempre a criatividade estrutural. Existe a busca pela estrutura espacial ou a arquitectura enquanto estrutura ou a estrutura enquanto arquitectura.

Na realidade desde sempre que a arquitectura resulta da forma como se vence a gravidade. O Gotico tinha aquela espacialidade gracas ao metodo do arco em ogiva. Os primeiros tempos do Modernismo surgiram gracas ao sistema laje/viga/pilar.

Ito explora outras estruturas e atraves dessas mesmas estruturas cria uma arquitectura diferente.

[3CPO]

Eu espero para ver o resultado final... Em maquetes e renders, tudo funciona muito bem...

[JVS]

Competition winner

Toyo Ito

Taichung Metropolitan Opera House

Taichung City, Taiwan

“Architecture has to follow the diversity of society, and has to reflect that a simple square or cube can’t contain that diversity.”
Toyo Ito

The fluid continuity of the structure reflects the idea that the theatrical arts are spatial arts which combine the body, art, music, and performance.
While providing optimum settings for traditional Eastern and Western types of performances, the design by Ito moves beyond the constraints of a traditional Opera House.

The design is an open structure which actively engages its surroundings in all directions and creates opportunities for myriad encounters between high art and popular art, artists and visitors, stage and auditorium, interior and exterior. Ito calls this space the Sound Cave.

The Sound Cave is both a horizontally and vertically continuous network. Even before entering one of the three theatres, the Sound Cave is perceived as a fascinating and flexible "acoustic space," which, in three dimensions, connects Arts Plaza, workshops, foyers, restaurants etc.

Located in a park within a dense urban high-rise development, the Sound Cave is not only interior, but connects seamlessly with the outside, merging with the surrounding park and creating a place of communication between people.

Neurone-like networks of water and greenery continue in the park integrating the building in its urban surroundings. This kind of networks, of water and greenery, are similar to a structural model of Taichung City itself.

While a main entrance is strategically placed at the end of the green axis, between the New City Council and Government buildings, the building has more than one front, inviting people from several sides into a labyrinthine network of diverse spaces.

The spatial complexity is based on a few simple geometric rules. A membrane between two surfaces is divided into alternating zones A and B. As the surfaces are pulled apart, two continuous spaces A and B evolve, separated by the curvilinear membrane.

Repeating this process once more on top of the first, two horizontally and vertically continuous spaces A and B emerge between this one continuous membrane.

In order to accommodate the spatial and volumetric needs the underlying geometric grid is locally transformed while maintaining its global integrity. This emerging grid is one of fluid relations rather than fixed absolutes.

The Taichung Metropolitan Opera House will seat 2,009 in the Grand Theater, 800 in a Playhouse, and 200 in the Black Box.

The Black Box, an experimental stage, forms an intimate environment suitable for a small theater. The wide space around the theater provides the theater with exceptional flexibility. For even greater versatility the space can be connected to the rooftop terrace. The project will also include an art workshop, an art market, an operation department and a parking area.

Site Area: 57,685 square meters
Floor Area: 43,264 square meters

Competition winner: 2005
Estimated completion: 2009

Client: Taichung City
Architects: Toyo Ito & Associates
Structural Engineering: Arup
Mechanical Engineer: Arup

Toyo Ito was presented with the RIBA Gold Medal in February 2006.
“Winner Toyo Ito is architecture's impossible dreamer who takes every project in a new direction.”
The jury

Toyo Ito arcspace features

in http://www.arcspace.com/architects/ito/taichung/taichung.html

[JVS]

toyo ito: taichung metropolitan opera

construction begins of the taichung metropolitan opera house, designed by toyo ito.
the ground-breaking ceremony for the second-stage main construction of the taichung
metropolitan opera house was held on dec. 3, 2009.

the theater is expected to cost NT.36 billion (US5 million) and will take over four
years to complete. the opera house is now on track for a december 2013 ribbon-cutting.
according to taichung city officials, the project was put up for bid five times over the past
several years but failed to attract suitable tenders due to associated engineering challenges.
while other major cities in taiwan are all known for something, taichung, a city of roughly
1 million residents whose name means 'central taiwan' in chinese, has trouble finding
anything to distinguish itself from taiwan's other metropolises. today it is seen as one of
the most cultural cities in taiwan.

the main structure will be formed with several connecting curved walls, inlaid floors,
inlaid interior and exterior walls, and a core service wall. the curved wall structure will
be formed with 58 curved wall units, creating many complications in building steel bar
reinforcements and steel trusses. the construction technique is the first of its kind in the
world of architecture and has never been seen before in the taiwanese engineering industry,
which meant that many local construction companies failed to show interest in participating
in the project. in order to acquire the cooperation of the ideal company, the city government
visited many potential collaborators and finally signed a contract with lee ming construction.
wu chun-shan, president of lee ming construction, said building such a structure containing
three-dimensional curved walls was generally thought impossible.
'but we are making the impossible possible'.

issues of the environment, resources, and energy

1. recycling of rainwater and sewage
the rain falling on the large roof surface will be collected and filtered for use in
irrigation and sprinkling for landscaping plants, etc. sewage from the facility will be
processed in a purification tank to approximately 5ppm BOD and 5ppm SS, and then
reused as an intermediate water supply for purposes such as toilet flushing.

2. use of eco-materials
the majority of materials used will be recyclable eco-materials. this helps to limit the
environmental load and conserve resources, thereby contributing to the reduction of
carbon dioxide emissions and prevention of global warming.

3. adjusting the surrounding environment for energy savings
when adjusting the environment of an architectural space, it is not enough to devote
one's energies solely to the load inside the building. it is also essential to arrange the
environment outside the building in a way that reduces the load inside the building.
in this plan, we have given consideration to increasing greenery, creating shade, and
using the evaporative latent heat of water.

construction process

the structural system is developed together with the construction
method to realize the freeform geometry in rational and efficient manner.
the freeform concrete surfaces are shotcrete (spray concrete). it is commonly
utilized for tunnel construction and suitable for curved surface. it can be shot
horizontally or vertically. rather than constructing doubly curved formwork that is
expensive and time consuming on site, the temporary structure in the void creates
faceted surfaces that best-fit the finished surface. between the temporary steel work,
expanded metal mesh is expanded metal mesh spans between the temporary steel
work to act as faceted formwork. 150 mm thick concrete can be shot at one time.
the surface layer of 25 mm is shot separately without large aggregate to achieve
smooth surface finish. concrete thickness varies between 200 mm at the top floor
and 350 mm at the bottom.

sprayed concrete construction method

typically, an expanded metal mesh is used as a permanent back shutter to which the
the reinforcing mesh is affixed. the concrete is sprayed onto the expanded metal
and the reinforcement is fully enclosed. the concrete is typically sprayed using one of two
methods. with the dry process, the dry constituents of the concrete are mixed in a portable
batching plant and the water is added to the mix at the nozzle. with the wet process, the
water is added to the batching plant and premixed with the dry constituents and the wet concrete
is sprayed from the nozzle. the benefits of the wet process are that there is greater control over
the concrete mix as the concrete is often mixed off site by ready-mix contractors and delivered in lorries.
it is common practice to apply the concrete in two layers. the first thick layer is usually applied using
the wet process. once sufficiently cured, a second, thin finishing layer is then applied using the dry process.

it is essential that the finished product is cured appropriately to mitigate shrinkage and to ensure that
design strength is achieved. spraying concrete is a messy process. some concrete will rebound and
some will pass through the expanded metal back shutter. it may be necessary to install temporary
protection to avoid polluting the surrounding area.

site area: 57,685 square meters
floor area: 43,264 square meters

2009 seat grand theatre 4,450 m2
800 seat playhouse 1,770 m2
200 seat black box 520 m2

backstage space 2,630 m2

other space 16,090 m2
management space 1,850 m2
arts plaza 6,000 m2
arts/creative workshop 3,100 m2
total 36,410 m2

IN http://www.designboom.com/weblog/cat/9/view/9561/toyo-ito-taichung-metropolitan-opera.html

[JVS]

Bidder selected for Taichung opera house

An artist's impression of the Taichung Metropolitan Opera House. (Courtesy of Taichung City Government)
Publication Date：11/18/2009
Source： China Times
Work on Taichung’s long-awaited Metropolitan Opera House is set to begin following the city government’s unveiling of local firm Lee Ming Construction as winning bidder for the project.

“Once completed, Taichung Metropolitan will be a landmark structure on par with Australia’s Sydney Opera House,” said Taichung Mayor Jason Hu Nov. 17.

The 2,013-seat Grand Theater is expected to cost NT$4.36 billion (US$135 million) and will take just over four years to complete. Featuring a beamless design and irregular curved walls, the structure is the brainchild of Japanese architect Toyo Ito, whose work on the Kaohsiung Main Stadium attracted worldwide praise.

Originally set to open this year, the opera house is now on track for a December 2013 ribbon-cutting. According to Taichung City officials, the project was put up for bid five times over the past several years but failed to attract suitable tenders due to associated engineering challenges.

Downplaying the delay, Hu said work on the Sydney Opera House took an extra 15 years and ran 10 times over budget.

The mayor predicts Taichung’s opera house will be an architectural marvel that leaves visitors awestruck. “Ito’s design has no main construction surface in the building level except the floor,” Hu said. “The continuous double-curved surface has left many foreign and domestic construction companies scratching their heads.”

A spokesman from Domino Architects and Associates, Ito’s project partner in Taiwan, said Lee Ming Construction has won praise from Japanese experts for its construction techniques and attention to detail. “The company performed two trials earlier that were positively evaluated.”

Wu Chun-shan, president of Lee Ming Construction, said building such a structure containing three-dimensional curved walls was generally thought impossible. “But we are making the impossible possible.” (PCT-JSM)

IN http://taiwantoday.tw/ct.asp?xitem=78764&CtNode=416


SITE SOBRE O PROJECTO - http://www.tmoh.com.tw/page/05-schedule/schedule_main.htm